What is a variation (classical music)?

But how does it relate to classical music?

Hmmm… In ballet, a varation is solo dance, but in music? No clue!

In the simplest terms, the tune for baa-baa-black sheep could be considered a variation of Twinkle Twinkle Little Star. In classical music, a variation can be very complex or ornamental compared to the original, even unrecognizable. Sometimes the melody stays the same, and the harmony behind it changes. Other times, the harmony is kept the same and the melody might change. The rhythm can also be altered, as well as the orchestration.

If you want to listen to a beautiful example, I suggest Elgar’s Enigma Variations. There are 14 variations on one theme - you may recognize the 9th variation, I think it’s been used in many movies. Hard to hear this without getting a lump in your throat.. lol. Enjoy it, though!

Generally, a variation is played after a theme with the variation being slightly more ornate, in several cases there are many variations upon a single theme. Variations are often used as accompaniments to songs that are several verses long. In both cases, the repeating structure is beneficial to the nature of the function.

Thank you!!!