My take on subgenres such as screamo are that they help shelter bands that don't do well but make some kind of statement. Heck, I didn't even know there was a subgenre called screamo. hahahahaha
I'm not sure what you mean by sheltering a band or making a statement but screamo really isnt a genre. All bands that scream would typically fall under some category of metal so to just say 'screamo' is to bunch up a lot of different styles. My guess though is that your referring to those bands that scream with a mix of heaven/hell vocals (singing vocals with accompanying screaming) but its not the actual genre name. Most of the bands classified as "screamo" would mostly fall into the post-hardcore category (Underoath, A Skylit Drive, A Day to Remember, etc.). The reason its gotten the name of 'screamo' is because of individuals who don't necessarily agree with the style of the music, dress/look of the band members, and the meaning in the lyrics. Its mostly comes from a generalization that all bands that scream are emotional and dark, thus screaming emos. In reality if a genre of music is called emo for displaying emotion then all music is emo. Hope this helps!
cool